http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=118213
Solar panels light up remote CHT

The solar panel on a tin-shed house of a Marma family at Aungsajai Karbari Para in Rangamati helps them earn better income while children learn lessons at night. Many indigenous people in hill areas now use such solar panels.Photo: STAR
Porimol Palma, back from Rangamati
Electricity generated from solar panels in remote parts of Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) is helping indigenous communities to involve themselves in new income-generating activities.
Traditional income sources of the hill people are fishing, jhum cultivation and selling daily labour. But they are now rearing goats and cows, weaving clothes and making bamboo baskets in the extra hours into the night thanks to power generated by solar panels.
“On an average my income is now Tk 80 daily, which was Tk 50 when we had to use kerosene lamps only three years back,” 40-year old Anil Kumar Chakma told The Daily Star during a visit to his Sagu Para village, 10km off Rangamati Sadar.
Anil got a 50-watt capacity solar panel at Tk 28,500. He got a grant of Tk 15,000 from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), while he has paid the rest of the money in monthly instalments of Tk 205.
UNDP provides grants of Tk 4 lakh to each of around 2,600 Para Development Committees (PDC) formed under a project titled “Promotion of Development and Confidence Building in CHT.” The PDCs then decide to buy solar panels or cows and goats for its members to generate income.
The project started in 2003 with support from European Commission, Canada, Denmark, USA, Norway, Australia and Japan to improve socio-economic status of the poorer communities in Rangamati, Bandarban and Khagrachhari.
According to official statistics, 62 percent people in CHT are absolute poor (intake of per person per day is 2,122 kilo calorie), while 36 percent are hardcore poor (1,805 kilo calorie).
National figures are 39.5 percent and 17.5 percent for absolute and hardcore poor.
Infant and maternal mortality rates and school dropout rates are also higher in CHT than that of national figures because of two decades of conflicts. But hills people are now aspiring to live a peaceful life following the CHT peace accord signed in 1997.
On the sideline of a community experience-sharing meeting with a high-level delegation of the development partners on November 26, Anil Kumar said it was easy for him to pay the monthly instalments against the solar panel, which has a guarantee for 20 years, and helps him save money for not using kerosene oil.
“With the savings I can buy bulbs and battery as and when go out of order. While we had used kerosene oil, we could not buy it during the rainy days that hampered the study of my children. But now they are not facing such problems.”
“As we get electricity from solar panels, we can weave clothes extra hours at night, charge mobile phones, cook in ovens and watch televisions,” said Bharati Chakma, 35, while sharing her experience with the delegation.
They can also learn good practices in agriculture and handicrafts through televisions, she said, adding that they also bought cows and goats and have rice-husking mills, which help them supplement their income.
Akkhoya Mong, a leader of Aungsajai Karbari Para PDC in Rangamati, said they bought 37 cows with Tk 2.8 lakh in 2004 and after three years sold them at Tk 4.16 lakh. Of the money, Tk 2.76 lakh has been deposited to a bank while some corrugated iron sheets and solar panels bought for the members using rest of the money.
They meet monthly to discuss their problems and the means to overcome those.
“Such sharing meetings give us confidence. Now we also go to banks and other offices in the towns. But a major problem for us is transport,” Mong says.
“Yes, these people are coming out, but they need better negotiation skills to sell their products. A major problem they face is the land dispute. Once land disputes are over, I am sure their lives will be more stable and peaceful,” said Patrick Sweeting, project director of CHT Development Facility.